Impedance is essentially an elements resistance to AC power. In the case of transistors, when you have a low input impedance and a high output impedance it is usually evidence of a voltage amplifier, or common-emitter configuration. On the other hand high input and low output impedance tends to produce current gain (tends to be common-collector). With equal impedances you tend to produce power gain and is usually called a common-base configuration in transistors. The last configuration isn't used too much but it is used in RF amplification

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RF