[expression for surface recombination velocity]

can any one help me in giving the derivation of surface recombination velocity in a semiconductor

s=sqrt(Dp/tp)

[G labview]

i worked with labview version 7 by national instruments

but i know only a few basic operations in it

tell me u r area of work i may help u if i can

[can any one explain zener breakdown using energy band diagrams?]

it was my intrvw question in iitdelhi

[what is fermi level and....]

rearding semiconductors where is fermi level located in an intrinsic,p type,n type

semiconductors and  why?

[voltage across 2 terminals of diode,transistor]

when we measure the voltage across  2 terminals of a diode using a multimeter

what does it show ?

similarly with any 2 terminals of transistors

what does these indicate??

[doubt on mosfet symbols]

the arrow mark in the symbol of a transistor/jfet indicates the conventional

direction of hole current 

but why does mosfet have symbols opposite

i.e.,in  symbols for npn transistor and n channel fet why arrow diections are different