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Design the PCB in this way to make the wireless module play the best performance!


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With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, more and more intelligent products such as intelligent home, intelligent transportation, intelligent city and so on have emerged in the market. These terminals rely on wireless transceiver module to realize information transmission and reception.

 

As a result, we know that wireless modules are indispensable in the use of the Internet of Things.Wireless modules often need a backplane to match them, enabling them to perform better in their application.So the design of our backplane is particularly important. How to design is our concern. Today, let's briefly talk about how to design the backplane of our wireless module.

 

Most importantly, we should pay attention to the space reserved for wireless modular antennas. Our most common antennas are ceramic antennas, PCB loaded antennas, and external antennas (just a generic name here).

 

PCB loaded antennas

External Antenna

Fig.1 is a typical external antenna-based wireless module backplane design.From Fig.1, Fig.2, we can see that on the left are USB interface, LDO, plug-in interface, Jing Zhen, USB-TTTL chip, module bottom without components and line.

 

When we design the module, we try not to walk high-speed lines and place components sensitive to RF signals. The module is placed in a separate area to prevent interference with other functional modules from causing communication problems.

 

The outboard antenna SMA is on the far right, preventing the effects of RF signals on other sensitive devices after they are radiated through the antenna.

 

RF signals

 

As we can see from Fig.3, when we draw the RF line from the base plate to the outside SMA head, the RF line needs to have an accompanying hole, which allows a vortex between the RF signal and the ground, a circuit in space, to absorb part of the radiated signal, thereby reducing the effect of radio-frequency signal radiation on other signals inside the plate.Another reason is the Faraday shield, together with a hole that effectively prevents other signals from interfering with it.

Ceramic Antenna, PCB Board Antenna

Ceramic antennas and PCB loaded antennas are similar in design. This is the unified explanation here. 

 

Ceramic antenna, PCB board antenna

 

From Fig.4, we can see that the left side is the same design as Fig.1. This is no longer the case here, but focus on the placement of the right antenna.

 

We can see that when we are designing, we need to place ceramic antennas at the edge of the board (sometimes because of some restrictions, the antenna needs to be placed inside the backplane, then we need to carve out the position of the antenna and hang the antenna outside the backplane so that the antenna can radiate out the radio signal better and communicate better.

 

Of course, there are more factors involved in baseplate design, which requires a combination of actual conditions and often a compromise.

 

 
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