Use CAM Processor to produce Postscript Files (.PS) of the layers you need. You can convert this file to any suitable graphics format you need. Personally I convert it to PDF so I don't run into problems
It should be ok 'C' indicates commertial range & 'P'/'N' indicate package type (I believe P stands for Plastic & 'N' for ceramic). If you get hold of datasheet these differences will be mentioned.
You don't need the address/data lines in exact order. Your circuit will function normaly. I generally reversr the D0-D7 lines on a 8051 board because they are easier to route that way ;D
Check your multimeter. If you are measuring DC voltage on AC range some multimeters display double the value (this was true with older analog ones). While measuring AC ripple put a 0.1uF cap in series with probes.
Okey so next time I should say it's a TRIAC without gate ;D
Anyway, I have used BC547 with base removed in a light dimmer project instead of DIAC. The project is still working (Don't know how though ;D).
Regardless of other things, the energy stored in a capacitor is too less to charge the battery. You shall need capacitance in Kilo or Mega :o Farads to charge the battery ;D
You need a RF mixer for this. Check out the circuit in tunar of a TV. It is an excellant example of a downconverter. With little modifications you can use it for your frequency range.
DIAC is a 3 layer device N-P-N (take a transistor cut base lead & you get a cheap DIAC ;D). You can also view it as two zeners connected back to back. There was a topic about DIAC some days ago you can search this forum for details.
Check out CD4033 it has internal counter & 7 segment decoder. You can use 74hc244 to interface it with a bus.
But the discrete logic makes it cumbursome to mux display lines (you need too many IC's). And eventually cost of all IC's will equal a microcontroller. ;D
The common base configuration works because collector can provide same current as emitter without caring for the load voltage. Indeed collector acts as a constant current source. You can not operate emitter this way so at the max you will get an attenuator.
In fact you can view a voltage...
SAW filters provide accurate filter characteristics which are not influenced by temperature. Also the tolerance from one filter to another is very small. If RC / RL filter is used in it's place it would be very difficult to tune it (forget about replacing it ;D). Check this out...
Check out
Practicle Transistor Circuit Design & Analysis
By - Willems E. Gerald
(PS - I am a looser when it comes to spelling ;D )
If you can lay your hands on it. It is the best book to learn transistor design from. Of cource Basic Electronics by Malvino is also a good book but he...