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    Bridge circuit impedance

    What impedance are you talking about? The impedance across points 2-3? Or 1-4, 1-2, what? What is Zbridge? Wouldn't the diagram be more clearer if block "z' were replace with "b" and block "b" replaced with some letter from the middle of the alphabet like maybe "m"? All the words of...
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    Current Direction

    MJ812, Another long lost soul. To determine directly the true physical direction of electrical current, use an ammeter. It is calibrated to read "conventional" or so called "calculated" current. Reverse what the ammeter direction indicates to get the true physical direction. Same is true...
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    Direction of DC and AC current with diodes.

    IntruderCelll87, This member has not intruded for almost 7 years, so he has probably passed on to the great beyond. However, others can possibly benefit from this answer. No one explained to him that a diode passes charge (not current flow) like a one-way valve. When the voltage is in the...
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    Determining the source voltage

    To each his own way. Ratch
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    Direction of Current in AC circuits.

    While not exclusively solidly crystalline or sloppy liquid, LCDs do exhibit characteristics of both types of materials. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_crystal) Saying "current flow" is like saying "low-fat buttermilk" or "low-fat skim milk", or "non-cholesterol vegetable oil". It is...
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    Direction of Current in AC circuits.

    In determining the physical direction of current you have to know two things, the polarity of the the voltage and the polarity of the charges that make up the current. In 99.44% of the cases, the charges are electrons which carry a negative charge. So, the physical current direction is from...
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    Determining the source voltage

    Why get snarled up with RMS and phasors? Just subtract the trig expressions and deal with the result later if you want to express it into different views. Now you can transform the above expression into a sin or cos function and multiply/divide by sqrt 2 or anything else you desire. Ratch
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    Transistor series voltage regulator

    What question are you asking? Are you asking how a BJT works? Or, are you asking how the submitted circuit works? A naked BJT is a voltage controlled current regulator. Additional components can be added to make a circuit to do other things. Please specify what your area of concern is. Ratch
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    simple mesh circuit analysis

    I can't make any sense out of your work. What are you supposed to do? Find the steady state response or the transient response or both? Where are your loop equations? There are 5 loops, so there should be 5 simultaneous equations to solve. Ratch
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    How to solve OP-amp capacitor circuit?

    At t=0, the left side of the RC combo will measure 4 volts ( vs=4u(t) ) and the right side will measure 1 volt (v(0)=1) for a difference of 3 volts. As the energy storage characteristics of the capacitor and the amplification of the opamp come into play, the voltages and currents will change...
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    Electronics diode homework

    Starting with problem #1, what do you need help with? Ratch
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Now I am coming to the end of our trip. This will be my last post. Traveling by motor coach from Valparaiso to the capital Santiago along highway 68, we pass through a fertile valley where lots of veggies are grown. Further north from the highway is the Atacama Desert, where many celestial...
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Getting close to the end of the trip now. Arriving in Valpariso, Chili, where we leave the ship and travel overland by motor coach to Santiago to catch a plane to the US. The first pic in Valpariso shows the only statue taken from Easter Island, which Chile governs. It is sitting outside of a...
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Leaving Puenta Areanas, we pass through the Chilean (chilly) Fjords. Lots of ice, glaciers. and mountains. Ratch
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Now we leave Argentina, and arrive at Puenta Areanas (Sandy Point, Chile). Chile is shaped like a long string bean and pasted against the west coast of South America. PA is in the southern part of Chile, and is blocked from the northern part of Chile by the Andes Mountains. The only way to...
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Then why all the publicity and adulation? Why not do it quietly and celebrate or suffer in silence? Why not volunteer to be test subjects for dangerous drug tests, or train to be test pilots where they could do some good? Why pick some inane, insane, lame brain act of conditional catastrophe...
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Now we leave Argentina and enter the Chilean Fjords, passing the Amilia Glacier, on the way to Puenta Areanas (Sandy Point, Chile). Ratch https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=amilia+glacier&docid=608051267170927803&mid=411D60D963C868CB0C34411D60D963C868CB0C34&view=detail&FORM=VIRE
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Close to the town of Ushusia is the Tierra del Fuego National Park. I will let the pics say it all. Ratch
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    Forget to mention. Not too long before our cruise ship arrived, a bunch of show offs rowed across the Drake passage in a modified long boat without the assistance of any mechanical motivation. It was a harrowing experience...
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    Beginning of South American Trip, Rio d J.

    That's right. We got home Feb 28, 2020, just as single reports of Corona were reported in Rio and Santiago. So we avoided all the fun and games at the airport and only had to endure a cursory examination and questioning at customs since we were not returning from Asia. It was visually...
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