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  1. audioguru2

    Watt of LED

    You need the part number and detailed datasheet from the manufacturer of the LED to determine its continuous and pulsed absolute maximum allowed currents. The datasheet tells you the range of forward voltage or you can measure it. Then the power (Watts) is the current times the voltage. Or you...
  2. audioguru2

    Photodiode / Phototransistor project

    I think the results will frequently be wrong. It might say that a nearby candle is sunlight.
  3. audioguru2

    ANTI-AGING

    Is it odd that millions of people and animals have lost limbs but never had them regenerated by using your crazy ideas? 200W+ at 5GHz+ will burn flesh and nerves very badly.
  4. audioguru2

    ANTI-AGING

    In addition to your frequencies being completely wrong. Look at the correct chart I posted where infrared has a frequency of 1THz which is thousands and millions of times higher than you say. A microwave oven does not produce infrared, instead it produces about 2.4GHz to heat mainly water...
  5. audioguru2

    ANTI-AGING

    m is milli which is a number divided by 1000. Then 75mHz is a frequency of 0.075Hz which is extremely low (one cycle  every 13.3 seconds). M is Mega which is a number multiplied by 1 million. Then 75MHz is 75 million Hz and is a frequency a little below the 100MHz FM broadcast band. IR is...
  6. audioguru2

    Photodiode / Phototransistor project

    Anything that is hot produces infrared. The sun produces infrared, visible light and ultra-violet. A candle is hot so it also produces infrared but at a level much lower than the sun. I doubt a candle produces ultra-violet. Measure what an artificial light produces. 
  7. audioguru2

    Photodiode / Phototransistor project

    Will you teach your processor that the intensity of the 3 colors and white from the sensor are a "..." light source at a certain distance with a certain brightness? I think your processor will be frequently confused because for example the sun and a close candle both produce fire colors. The...
  8. audioguru2

    Photodiode / Phototransistor project

    Your photodiodes will produce an output current if they have no bias voltage because they perform like a tiny solar cell. Then a photodiode directly feeds the (-) input of an opamp. The opamp will have an output voltage in the dark caused by its input offset voltage and current. Another way is...
  9. audioguru2

    Sonos ZP-100 Custom Robinette Box for Headphones

    Your new circuit should work fine.
  10. audioguru2

    Sonos ZP-100 Custom Robinette Box for Headphones

    Sonos did not put headphones jacks maybe because if you use their Trueplay, then the Sonos is equalized for the speakers you are using, not for headphones. Then headphones might sound awful unless you can turn off Trueplay (but of course she will forget to turn off Trueplay). You did not say...
  11. audioguru2

    Improved short-circuit detector

    The circuit might work when the parts are soldered. Do not use a solderless breadboard that cannot handle the high currents and its contacts might be intermittent. Some projects on that website have errors.
  12. audioguru2

    Microcontroller for my Project

    We speak English in this forum, you don't. Maybe you are a SPAMMER?
  13. audioguru2

    Transformerless power supply

    A transformerless circuit powered from the mains electricity is Extremely dangerous. All wired parts must be completely covered so they cannot be touched. A fuse should be used to prevent a fire if a voltage spike shorts the capacitor. The reactance of the capacitor limits the operating current...
  14. audioguru2

    0-30 VDC Stabilized Power Supply 0.002-3 A

    The 10V zener diode reduces the total supply voltage of U3 from its absolute maximum of about 44 V to about 34V. Then opamp U3 will be cooler and it will live longer. EDIT: But it is not needed in your circuit since your input and output voltages are lower.
  15. audioguru2

    Batteriser - Evaluating their claim to get 80% more energy from batteries

    I use AA alkaline cells only for very low current products where the idle current of The Batterizer is higher. Then it wastes more power than it saves. I use AA Ni-MH rechargeable cells for high current products that The Batterizer cannot supply. The marketing people know that many people are...
  16. audioguru2

    Ideas for Single AA and AAA batteries?

    You want a power of 5V x 500mA= 2.5W. An AAA cell voltage is 1.5V when new and drops to about 1.0V so its average voltage is 1.25V. To produce 2.5W its current must be 2.5W/1.25V= 2.0A. The voltage stepup circuit will get hot with 2A so will use maybe 500mA extra current making the heat. Then...
  17. audioguru2

    0-30 VDC Stabilized Power Supply 0.002-3 A

    The datasheets for the BD139 and BD140 show that the chip will be at its maximum allowed temperature if it dissipates 12.5W and its case is cooled down to 25 degrees C somehow (with a huge heatsink in liquid nitrogen?). In free air a pretty big heatsink will get hot then the chip will be too...
  18. audioguru2

    0-30 VDC Stabilized Power Supply 0.002-3 A

    Your main filter capacitor value is much too low for an output of 10A. use at least 20,000uF. The transformer voltage is too high for a maximum output voltage of only 20V and its current rating is much too low. The poor little BD139 driver transistor will smoke and die if you are unlucky to...
  19. audioguru2

    0-18V Pos/Neg 1A Current Limited

    I am glad that the value of the R7 heater has been reduced to 0.1 ohm. The original was 0.47 ohm which heated with (3A squared x 0.47 ohm=) 4.23W. The TL081 opamps that were used had a maximum input offset voltage of 15mV (!) so the minimum regulated current with an accuracy of 20% was 15mV/0.47...
  20. audioguru2

    0-18V Pos/Neg 1A Current Limited

    The two series diodes at the outputs of the regulators RUINS their excellent voltage regulation. Why two diodes, why not just one diode, it will also ruin the voltage regulation but not as much as two diodes? The sliders on your 5k pots are shown disconnected. The 240 ohm resistors are for the...
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