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  1. shekhar_dandya

    Understanding test conditions in any Datasheet

    Generally all parameters of a device in any datasheet are specified at certain test conditions. my question is : 1) How are these test conditions chosen?what criteria? 2)What is their importance? 3) What values of parameters should we select if these test conditions do not exsist in our circuit?
  2. shekhar_dandya

    Basic Transistor Circuits questions

    While designing a transistorised circuit,say a voltage divider bias,an amplifier etc,should we select the transistor first and then decide the Q-point characterstics based on its datasheet or we establish the q-point characterstics and then select a suitable transistor? If condition2 is...
  3. shekhar_dandya

    How to make RPM counters

    How to make an RPM counter? Assuming you have some sensing mechanism,say a flywheel with a slit to pass the light beam that is sensed by a photosensor at reciever end and which is attached to a transistor driver  that gives you square pulses for every cut. How to process the rest of the signal...
  4. shekhar_dandya

    'potential Difference' questions

    If voltage is potential Energy difference,where does this potential energy come from in batteries or cells?If the answer is "chemical reactions" then which chemical reactions/physical phenomenon(bonding,thermodynamics?) is responsible to impart this "potential energy" to electrons?
  5. shekhar_dandya

    International Physics olympiad problem

    solve this international olympiad prob suppose a cylinder of weight 20N is rolling on ground in right direction.if half of length of cylinder is positively charged,and it is placed in magnetic field whose dirction is inward to plane of rolling and if a charged particle is placed at distance 10m...
  6. shekhar_dandya

    USB for Real time applications?

    Has anyone tried to drive a real time embedded system(Say motor or LCD)on USB? Does anyone know of any commercial application of USB in Real time system? As far as I  know whatever USB applications we see in today's market(e.g camera,flashcard,Scanners etc) use USB for data transfer and not for...
  7. shekhar_dandya

    What is an electric field?

    What is an electric field? Is it matter?Does it have mass? If no then how does it store energy in a capacitor?Since to store energy,there must be prescence of matter. e.g: If I lift a block of metal,energy is transffered from one matter(namely me)to another matter(namely block)and the block...
  8. shekhar_dandya

    Von neumann vs Harvard architectures

    HI All, What is the difference between Von neumann architecture & harvard architecture? Is it that von neumann has unique address space where all the instructions,data & peripherals are mapped whereas,harvard has seperate address spaces for instructions & (data + peripherals).WHat...
  9. shekhar_dandya

    basics of electrical supply

    Hi All, I wanted to know that is neutral wire connected to earth at some point ? If not then how do we get shocked,since to get shocked,current must flow from live to neutral? -Shekhar
  10. shekhar_dandya

    simulator for fpga,cpld?

    Hi All, I wanted to know a simulator that would simulate the hardware of a logic devise i.e an fpga or cpld Thanks, -Shekhar
  11. shekhar_dandya

    photodiode data sheets

    Hi, Any Data sheets of photodiodes in visible light range and reasonable price range? Does our forum has any? THanks, Shekhar
  12. shekhar_dandya

    How FIFO buffers work?

    Hi all, I want to know how FIFO buffers achive synchronisation?Through semaphore or arbitration? secondly,Can one read a partially filled FIFO buffer?How? Or one has to wait till buffer gets filled completely? Thanks & regards, -Shekhar
  13. shekhar_dandya

    Urgent

    Hi All, I urgently need instruction set supported by JTAG
  14. shekhar_dandya

    read/write operations

    Hi All, I wanted to know what is meant by a read-modify-write operation?how is it different from a normal read/write operation? Another ques: What is a tri-state?what is the voltage on tri-stated pins? Thanx -Shekhar
  15. shekhar_dandya

    Working of a PLL

    Hi All, Can anyone explain me how a PLL works and what is its basic aim? Thanks -Shekhar
  16. shekhar_dandya

    X'tors and their symmetry

    Hi All, Why is X'tor not a symmetrical device i.e if c-b is forward biased & b-e is reverse biased will it function the same and give same characteristics? I heard that FET's are symmetrical when used as switches.Is it true? rgds, -Shekhar
  17. shekhar_dandya

    articles on USB

    Hi everyone, I needed some docs /tutorials related to USB basics Thanks -Shekhar
  18. shekhar_dandya

    problem with a rectifier

    Hi All, A Happy 2005. I recently made a small adjustable power supply with a voltage range from 3V to 24V and a current range of 1A using the rectifier-filter-LM317 combination. I tested its outpput on a multimeter with its knob on"DC V" and it showed me the correct voltages.Then I turned the...
  19. shekhar_dandya

    Interpreting Datasheets

    Hi Everyone, The electrical characterstics of common components (like diodes,transistors,opamps,regulator chips etc etc...) are mentioned at perticular test conditions of voltages and currents.Our circuit may not have these test conditions. Then how do we decide the value of a perticular...
  20. shekhar_dandya

    dividers and their duty cycle

    HI Everyone You must be knowing how to design a divide by three or a divide by 5 counter using flip flops .The output is a divide by 3/5 of its input but its duty cycle is not 50%. How to make duty cycle of divide by 3/5 counter to be 50%?
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