If I was asked to come up with names for these ficticious looking components, I would say they are:
1) an adjustable Zener capacitor
This is used to provide a capacitor with an adjustable breakdown voltage.
2) a dark-emitting resistor
When power is applied, this device emits darkness. The symbol shows light rushing in to fill the dark void.
3) a light emitting unipole diode
This is a special two-terminal device with a single terminal. It is placed on the end of an antenna to show when electrons are travelling in a particular direction.
4) a thronomister
In conjunction with a phase detractor, this is an alternative for the adjustable dingle arm in a
turbo entabulator.