what are the best logic/way behind generator AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) troubleshooting ?. What will you look for first and what is the proper way to test these things ?
A Variac would do if the generator is AC and has a similar voltage output to the Variac.
The energising voltage is possibly low voltage DC. You could try using a Variac to drive a 12V battery charger to provide variable excitation and measure the resulting output voltage.
Asuming its a 110/240v ac gen. Heres the circuit of a typical cheep generator AVR, & voltages. A common problem is dry solder joints on the switching MOSFET. These AVRs are quite cheep on Ebay.