The easiest way is to purchase protection circuitry already made up. It's probably cheaper than building it yourself. You do have to ensure that the protection circuitry protects against what you want it to protect, and for the appropriate values.
There are three big ones: maximum charge, minimum charge, and maximum current.
Here,
here, and
here are some options to consider.
I would be very surprised if you could build them cheaper.
Also note that these are not a panacea. They may help in preventing gross overcharge or discharge, and prevent prolonged exposure to short circuit conditions for the cell, but they do not ensure that the cell is not subject to conditions that are beyond its nominal ratings.
As for schematics, I couldn't quickly find any, but
this would probably be of interest. Note that many battery protection circuits (especially those in laptop battery packs) track charge and cycles, and are considerably more complex beasts.