in the 1st circuit, a Large 100k~1MΩ resistor from base to ground (V-), shunts stray e-field leakage and allows it turn off LED.
Otherwise , waving hand near circuit makes it brighter when both sw. off.
Put on both bases to V- for best results.
There are a few more critical details.
The cap needs to be a high quality non-polarized cap. A non-polar electrolytic may work, but polypropylene is much better (PP) http://www.digikey.ca/product-detail/en/nichicon/EXH2E705HRPT/493-13830-ND/4694507
The inductor should not saturate with a...
Do you really want to reinvent the wheel? or use an IC to transmit , then define what is transmitting, receiving ,bandwidth and distance. or buy a kit or pre-made Tx, Rx?
LDO? No, not , never.
First understand how an alternator works by amplifying field current with moving rotor and then see how voltage ...regulator controls field current to correct the output rectified voltage.
Then review my MOT IC link and @debe's suggestion until you understand how both...
is this a procedural question on DSO?
I rarely do, but when in doubt RTFM read the fine manual.
...snip
Push the MEASURE button to perform auto measurements. There are 32 types of measurements and up to 8 can be displayed at a time. Turn the V0 knob to select an unspecified option. Press V0 or...
PD's are broad spectrum unless they are for IR with dyalight blocking black lens.
The below link shows the common emitter cct which inverts voltage by current amplification.
Photons of LED light should saturate the collecter R of 10k for a logic 1 with the absence of light being pulled up by...
When you define that it must be self powered and the lack of indication implies power failure, and you want high accuracy, with LED indication at a voltage above 1.5V which is below where LEDs turn on bright, you must realize you have defined a very restrictive set of requirements.
For $150...
as in any design, start with a list of specs.;
Vin min-max
Vout tolerance, load regulation, input regulation.
Load type.
Start surge current limit.
efficiency min.
Experience, budget, timeline.
Is this intended to be just the regulator inside/for the alternator?
Then it is different...
it appears to me your gain is max but temp compensation is 0
. like SF{X,Y}= FFH, SFTC{X,Y} = 7FH, and GAIN = 7FH.
my setting are SF{X,Y}=FFH, GAIN= 7FH, but SFTC{X,Y}=00, so the gain is not max gain. All the other registers are set 00H.
It seems the micromotion of the socket is a major source of drift errors. So eliminate it.
Perhaps Swiss style circular sockets will be more stable with fixed outer socket and circular spring contact inside rather than parallel contacts in IC socket which can move, while soldered connections...
all he needs is a float switch with a timer like a CD4060 with a relay and transistor and 12VDc and a perf board with magnet wire
http://www.electronicecircuits.com/electronic-circuits/cd4060-timer-circuit-1-minute-to-2-hours
usually a float switch senses when sump pumps cut out.
I had a rental property vacated that sprung a leak (cold water pipe solder separated) in winter and the house would have flooded except the sump pump in the lowest corner prevented major damage by running, which caused me to rip out...