Lets say....Or am I missing something?
Yes, you are. The alternator is designed to run balanced loads on the 3 phases. When you run it unbalanced like this, what happens to the two unused phases? What will the voltage be on those and where will it arc to? You will likely have to add dummy loads, which will heat up and cause other problems.
Will you have enough control on the field winding to the drive the voltage up to 110V? If so, how much power will you be able to get out of the alternator as it operates well past the design point?
All this assumes that you have already removed the diodes.
Do you have an engine controller that will maintain a constant speed as the load changes? If you are just going to fix the engine throttle position (the fuel flow) the engine speed will change due to the load and your frequency will change.
Can this be done? Yes, it is done all the time with standby generators. Can it be done by modifying an automotive alternator. Like not. Even if you can cobble something together that kind of works under certain conditions, the tasks involved are a lot more involved than your simplistic view.
---55p