Xenobius,
Good. I'm glad that you spotted and fixed your problem.
So the 2N3055's emitter-base junction was avalanching like a zener diode, in series with the base-collector junction. No matter what voltage the output of U2 was providing, the output could not follow it down.
Now you can remove those fuses which reduce the supply's performance:
1) Remove the fuse at the transformer's secondary, since its resistance limits the huge momentary current through the rectifiers when they charge C1, when the supply is loaded.
2) Remove the output fuse, since its resistance spoils the supply's regulation, when the supply is loaded. This supply has an adjustable current-limit so the fuse is not necessary.
Xenobius, could you please measure the voltage across R1/C1 without any load, and again set to 30V with a 3A load?