Have you done any reading so far? Do you have any specific questions? What is it that you expect us to provide?
Instruments in a civilian airplane can be classed as engine (non-avionic), flight (those necessary for flight without navigation or communication) and those used for navigation and communication. Flight and nav.com instruments are often lumped together as avionics; although, one can make distinctions.
As for sensors, there are those that sense acceleration (e.g., many of the flight instruments), air pressure (altitude, airspeed, rate of climb) and radio (navigation communication). Some navigation instruments are inertia/acceleration based.
Since you describe your role in the team as being "sensors," I suspect the sensors for flight instruments that you are interested in are for acceleration and air pressure.
The things you mention (HUD/HDD) are just displays. They integrate data from many sources, including nav/com, flight, and engine.
In other words, please ask a question that can be answered, and we will try to answer it.
John
Edit: Forgot to add a couple of more sensors/instruments: stall and/or angle of attack (flight), icing detectors (flight) and cabin pressure.