The Fourier Analysis –The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Method
https://www.electronics-lab.com/article/the-fourier-analysis-the-fast-fourier-transform-fft-method/
Introduction The Fourier Transform is a mathematical technique that transforms a time-domain signal into its frequency-domain representation. In other words, it decomposes a signal into its frequency components. The result is called the spectrum of the signal. Historically, the Fourier analysis concept developed slowly, from the Fourier series method 200 years ago up to the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) computing method today. Essentially, the Fourier decomposition was […]
The Fourier Analysis – Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)
https://www.electronics-lab.com/article/the-fourier-analysis-discrete-fourier-transform-dft/
Introduction Essentially, signals are functions that can be classified into different categories. A signal can be either continuous or discrete, and it can be either periodic or non-periodic. In our ‘Analog to digital conversion’ series of articles, we have seen that it is always possible to apply a sample-and-hold circuit to an analog (continuous) signal […]
The Fourier Analysis – Fourier Transform
https://www.electronics-lab.com/article/the-fourier-analysis-part-2/
Introduction In the first part of the “Fourier Analysis” article, we have focused on the properties and usages of the Fourier series. We have seen the power of Fourier series as a tool for both decomposing and constructing general periodic functions in terms of “pure” sines and cosines. The physical world, however, is full of […]
The Fourier Analysis – Fourier Series Method
https://www.electronics-lab.com/article/the-fourier-analysis-part-1/
Introduction This subject was first assumed by Isaac Newton about 400 years ago. Newton showed that white light is composed of other colors. He called the color components of white light as “spectre”, from which we get the word spectrum. Figure 1 shows how a light beam is dispersed to some component colors i.e., waves […]
Harmonics
https://www.electronics-lab.com/article/harmonics/
Introduction Periodic signals are not always perfect sinusoidal patterns such as presented in one of our previous tutorials about Sinusoidal Waveforms. Sometimes, signals can indeed be a superposition of simple sine waves and they are known as complex waveforms. In this tutorial, we will focus on complex periodic waveforms to understand what they consist of […]
AC Waveform and AC Circuit Theory
https://www.electronics-lab.com/article/ac-waveform-and-ac-circuit-theory/
Introduction When talking about current or voltage, these signals can be fitted into two main categories : DC and AC. DC states for “Direct Current“, this definition regroup the signals that are constant in time : their amplitude and sign (+ or -) remain unchanged. AC states for “Alternating Current“, these signals are alternating between […]